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- * Immunoglobulins and major histocompatibility complex proteins signature *
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-
- The basic structure of immunoglobulin (Ig) [1] molecules is a tetramer of two
- light chains and two heavy chains linked by disulfide bonds. There are two
- types of light chains: kappa and lambda, each composed of a constant domain
- (CL) and a variable domain (VL). There are five types of heavy chains: alpha,
- delta, epsilon, gamma and mu, all consisting of a variable domain (VH) and
- three (in alpha, delta and gamma) or four (in epsilon and mu) constant
- domains (CH1 to CH4).
-
- The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules are made of two chains.
- In class I [2] the alpha chain is composed of three extracellular domains, a
- transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail. The beta chain (beta-2-
- microglobulin) is composed of a single extracellular domain. In class II [3],
- both the alpha and the beta chains are composed of two extracellular domains,
- a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail.
-
- It is known [4,5] that the Ig constant chain domains and a single
- extracellular domain in each type of MHC chains are related. These
- homologous domains are approximately one hundred amino acids long and
- include a conserved intradomain disulfide bond. We developed a small pattern
- around the C-terminal cysteine involved in this disulfide bond which can be
- used to detect these category of Ig related proteins.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [FY]-x-C-x-[VA]-x-H
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern:
- Ig heavy chains type Alpha C region : All, in CH2 and CH3.
- Ig heavy chains type Delta C region : All, in CH3.
- Ig heavy chains type Epsilon C region: All, in CH1, CH3 and CH4.
- Ig heavy chains type Gamma C region : All, in CH3 and also CH1 in some cases
- Ig heavy chains type Mu C region : All, in CH2, CH3 and CH4.
- Ig light chains type Kappa C region : In all CL except rabbits and Xenopus.
- Ig light chains type Lambda C region : In all CL except rabbits.
- MHC class I alpha chains : All, in alpha-3 domains, including in the
- cytomegalovirus MHC-1 homologous protein [6].
- Beta-2-microglobulin : All.
- MHC class II alpha chains: All, in alpha-2 domains.
- MHC class II beta chains: All, in beta-2 domains.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: 32.
- -Last update: May 1991 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Gough N.
- Trends Biochem. Sci. 6:203-205(1981).
- [ 2] Klein J., Figueroa F.
- Immunol. Today 7:41-44(1986).
- [ 3] Figueroa F., Klein J.
- Immunol. Today 7:78-81(1986).
- [ 4] Orr H.T., Lancet D., Robb R.J., Lopez de Castro J.A., Strominger J.L.
- Nature 282:266-270(1979).
- [ 5] Cushley W., Owen M.J.
- Immunol. Today 4:88-92(1983).
- [ 6] Beck S., Barrel B.G.
- Nature 331:269-272(1988).
-